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關(guān)鍵詞:原則;難度;技巧
作者簡介:趙轉(zhuǎn)峰,任教于陜西省西安市東方中學(xué)。
一、練習(xí)題命制的原則和目的
練習(xí)題在命制時,命題者應(yīng)本著既要鞏固所學(xué)知識,又要體現(xiàn)發(fā)展能力;既要遵循教學(xué)大綱(包括考試大綱),又要體現(xiàn)語言實(shí)際應(yīng)用;既要考慮命題者本人的知識水平,又要考慮做題人的知識水平的原則。另外,命題者還要考慮這個命題主要用來考查什么、考查對象是誰、考查范圍多大等多種因素。只有這樣,命制的練習(xí)題才具有信度和準(zhǔn)度,才能真正達(dá)到既鞏固知識又培養(yǎng)能力的目的。
二、練習(xí)題命制的難度和深度
應(yīng)該承認(rèn),歷屆的NMET在命題難度上一直把握的比較好,每年高考英語試題的難度系數(shù)基本保持在0.55左右。雖然我們平時命題難以把握一個準(zhǔn)確的度,但至少可以從應(yīng)考對象入手,即根據(jù)練習(xí)題的使用范圍和應(yīng)試對象的年齡以及知識水平的不同來設(shè)定練習(xí)題的度?,F(xiàn)以there be句型為例簡單說明該句型在考查時的難度和深度。
例1:There _____ some sheep on the farm.
A. is B. are C. be D. am
初中學(xué)生剛接觸英語,他們的詞匯量、語法知識等均有限。所以,例1就適合于初一、初二年級的大眾學(xué)生,該題主要考查學(xué)生對there be 句型的基本知識掌握。
例2:There _____ a computer and some books on the desk a moment ago.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
此題雖也是對 there be句型的考查,但句中的 a computer and some books 及a moment ago 就增加了試題的難度,所以,例2適合初三階段的學(xué)生。
例3:Nothing wrong with the TV set, _____?
A. is it B. does it C. is there D. does there
此題是考查反義疑問句,而主干句又是省略句,考生做題時首先要弄清該句省略了什么。四個選項(xiàng)中都具有一定的干擾性。因此,此題有一定的難度,適合于高二或高三年級學(xué)生。
有時候,同一個知識從不同的角度命題,也會增加試題的難度。下面又以 there be 句型為例作以說明。
例4:There ______ some people in the room.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
此題句子完整、信息充分,但C、D兩個選項(xiàng)又增加了考生選擇正確答案的難度,許多考生因受漢語習(xí)慣的影響錯選D項(xiàng)。
三、練習(xí)題命制的技巧和要求
由于英語練習(xí)題的題型較多,下面僅以常見的單項(xiàng)選擇和短文改錯題為例簡要說明。
目前,單項(xiàng)選擇題主要以考查詞匯(短語)、語法和語言應(yīng)用為主。練習(xí)題主干大多采用簡單句、并列句、復(fù)合句和對話句為主,四個答案選項(xiàng)只有一個是正確的,其余三個選項(xiàng)雖有干擾但均為錯誤。
1.練習(xí)題切忌超綱
在命題之前,命題者要仔細(xì)閱讀教學(xué)大綱和考試大綱,認(rèn)真分析“兩綱”對所要考查知識的具體要求。同時命題者要熟悉教材,把握教材的深度和廣度以及知識的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。另外,命題者要牢記所命練習(xí)題的適用范圍,確保題干和選項(xiàng)中不涉及超出該年級以外的新知識(如生詞等)以及考生學(xué)過單詞、短語和句型的生僻用法。
2.練習(xí)題要知識能力兼顧
平時測驗(yàn),練習(xí)題可以把知識性考查作為重點(diǎn),同類知識也可重復(fù)出現(xiàn),但最好變化命題角度。一般來說,知識性考查主要針對詞匯、語法或句型。詞匯部分應(yīng)以實(shí)詞(名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞和動詞)為重點(diǎn),介詞、冠詞、連詞和嘆詞等虛詞的比重要適當(dāng)降低(專項(xiàng)練習(xí)例外),語法項(xiàng)目和句型在考查時也應(yīng)以大綱和教材中所規(guī)定的為主,切忌隨意超綱。但無論是哪種考試的命題,考生通過死記硬背就能直接做答的練習(xí)題的數(shù)量應(yīng)盡可能減少。假如在命制期中、期末或其它正規(guī)考試時,練習(xí)題既要重視對基礎(chǔ)知識的考查,更要注重對能力的考查,而且能力性考查的比重還可根據(jù)考試年級或考試類型的不同適當(dāng)調(diào)整。語言離不開語境,所以,在語境中考查某個知識的試題是較理想的能力題型之一。
3.題干的信息量要充足
在命題時,題干不宜過短。題干過短會使題干信息量不足,影響考生正確理解題意。但題干也不宜過長。題干過長會因考生長時間閱讀試題而產(chǎn)生大腦過度疲勞,也會浪費(fèi)寶貴時間。
4.各個選項(xiàng)應(yīng)具有相似性
為了避免給考生在審題時造成過多的心理壓力以及思維分散,命題時各個選項(xiàng)的長度、結(jié)構(gòu)和詞性等應(yīng)盡可能接近。此外,一道練習(xí)題供選答案最好只考查一個知識點(diǎn)或一個語法項(xiàng)目,不可許多知識穿插考查。
1.He often ____ me ___ my English.
A. helps, with
B. help, with
C. helps, learnt
D. help, learn
2.Sorry, I can’t go with you. I have to ______ my little cousin.
A. take care
B. look at
C. babysit
D.babysitter
3.Have you ever argued _____ your parents?
A. with
B.to
C.on
D. of
4.The match made them ______ at last.
A.ppily
B.uickly
C.lowly
D.riendly
5.Some of the boys enjoy ______ football.
A. play
B.laying
C. play
D.layed
二、閱讀理解
Once an old man was walking in a street with his horse. It was raining hard. The old man was cold because he was walking in the rain. He wanted to stay in a restaurant. It was a quarter past three in the afternoon. The old man got to a small restaurant. There were a lot of people in it. The old man couldn’t come near the fire. He thought and thought. At last he said to the waiters, “take some fish to my horse.” The waiter and the people were very surprised. The waiter said,” A horse doesn’t eat fish.” The old man told the waiter,” This horse is very interesting. It can sing, dance and does all kinds of things. It can eat fish, too.” So the waiter brought the horse some fish. All the people in the restaurant ran out to see the horse eat fish except the old man. Now the old man sat beside the fire. After a while the waiter came back and said,” Your horse didn’t eat any fish.” The old man said,” All right, take the fish back and put it on the table. I’ll eat it.”
1. The old man felt very cold because______.
A. was a cloudy and windy day.
B.It snowed.
C.e had traveled in the heavy rain
D. was hungry.
2. The people in the restaurant all ran out because _____.
A.y wanted to see the old man.
B.ey wanted to see the horse eating fish.
C.ey had been told there came the horse.
D.ere was no fire over the stove.
3. Indeed, the horse can neither _____ nor ____ nor______.
A. walk---speak----eat
B.ng---dance---sleep
C.ng---dance---eat fish
D.eak---walk---sit
4. All the people in the restaurant rushed out_____ but______.
A. see the horse sing---the old man
B. watch the horse play games---the waiter
C. look for the horse---the old man
D. see the horse eat fish---the old man
5. Why did the old man ask the waiter to take some fish to his horse? Because _____.
A.s horse liked eating fish
B. was cold
( )1. He ________ English and Maths in his_________.
A. study, study B. is studying, study
C. study, studying D. studying, studying
( )2. Sam is _________ than Peter ________ playing table tennis.
A. good, at B. better, at
C. better, on D. good, on
( )3. -Could you pass the postcard to me? -_________.
A. Here you are. B. That's all right.
C. You're welcome D. I have no idea.
( )4. He runs _________ faster than the other players.
A. much B. more C. many D. very
( )5. Can you finish __________ the book in three days?
A. to read B. reading C. read D. reads
( )6. They often watch TV ________ Saturday evenings.
A. on B. at C. in D. by
( )7. What's ________ the newspaper?
A. on B. at C. in D. by
( )8. I would like to know _________ about you.
A. many B. lot C. more D. a lot
( )9. We give our teachers some cards ________ best wishes.
A. in B. for C. by D. with
( )10. Where ________ Lucy _________?
1.A year later,with the nation‘s economy ________, Bush’s approval rating dropped below 40 percent.
A. in power
B. in trouble
C. in hand
D. in part
2.There is the appreciation of the salient historical truth ________ the aging of advanced societies has been a sudden change.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. how
3.Robots differ from automatic machines ________ after completion of one specific task,they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.
A. in case
B. in that
C. in which
D. in time
4.Basically,these attitudes amount to a belief ________ leisure can and should be put to good use.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. how
5.The professor worked for 7 hours at a ________.
A. stretch
B. extend
C. expand
D. prolong
6.If an earthquake occurred,some of the one-storey houses ________.
A. might be left stand
B. might leave to be standing
C. might be left to stand
D. might be left standing
7.________, he had no time to rest.
A. As he was tired
B. If he was tired
C. Tired as he was
D. Now that he was tired
8.Since we have a focused subject, we should not talk ________.
A. at once
B. at hand
C. at intervals
D. at random
9.Why do you blame him for his poor judgment on the matter ______ he really needs is encouragement?
A. when that
B. since that
C. when what
D. now that
10.The doctors are ________ about the guidelines under which they can carry out euthanasia.
A. at a stretch
B. at a loss
C. at random
D. at length
1.正確答案:B答案解析:in trouble:陷入困境。由于經(jīng)濟(jì)陷入困境,所以支持率下降了很多,符合句意。
2.正確答案:C答案解析:本句中that引導(dǎo)的也是同位語從句。
3.正確答案:B答案解析:in that意思是:在于,因?yàn)椤=忉宒iffer from automatic machines的具體方面。
4.正確答案:B答案解析:空格前面是belief,后面是一個結(jié)構(gòu)完整的句子,解釋說明belief的具體內(nèi)容。所以用that引導(dǎo)這個同位語從句。
5.正確答案:A答案解析:此題考查的是固定詞組搭配。at a stretch一口氣地。
6.正確答案:D答案解析:be left……:被置于……的境地。它是leave sth……的被動式。standing:站立的,固定的,直立的。be left加形容詞是常用的一種表達(dá)方式。
7.正確答案:C答案解析:譯文:盡管他很累,他也沒有時間休息。此題考查的是讓步狀語從句,從句中表語提前。
8.正確答案:D答案解析:譯文:既然我們已經(jīng)有了命題,我們就不應(yīng)漫無邊際地交談。此題考查對固定短語的掌握情況。at once立刻;at hand在附近,在手頭,即將發(fā)生;at intervals間或,不時;at random隨便,任意。
( )1. On Monday morning, Nancy a walk in the park.
A. went B. go for C. took D. take
( )2. Su Hai is than Helen.
A. younger B. young C. youngger D. old
( )3. He is the only child his family.
A. in B. on C. under D. as
( )4. What it is!
A. beautiful stamp B. a beautiful stamp
C. beautiful stamps D. beautiful a stamp
( )5. I a brother.
A. has got B. has got C. has D. having
( )6. Su Hai's younger than Su Yang.
A. twenty minutes B. twenty minute
C. twenty minutes' D. twenty minute's
( )7. They sat on the chair and a chat.
A. had B. have C. got D. met
( )8. is Nancy's cousin? Five years old.
A. How much B. How old C. How many D. How
( )9. Do you have any storybooks copybooks?
A. and B. of C. with D. or
Direction: For this part, you are supposed to write an announcement in 100-120 words based on the following situation. Remember to write it clearly
假定你是美國的Jack, 你于2005年5月28日給中國無錫的筆友李明寫信。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下:
1. 父母已同意你今年夏天來中國;
2. 你計(jì)劃首先在北京住一星期,然后去無錫看望李明和他的父母;
3. 因?yàn)闆]有見過面,擔(dān)心與李明相識有困難,所以問李明在北京該如何聯(lián)系以及在無錫如何相見。
注意:不要琢句翻譯,詞數(shù)100左右。
專升本英語綜合練習(xí)題答案
1-5 ADCDB
6-20 DCBDB. CDBDC. DAACB. 21-30 ACDBA BADCB
31-35 ABDCA 36-40 BDBAD
41-55 ADDAC. CAACD. ACBCC.
56-60 DACFB
May 28,2005
Dear Li Min
I hope you are very well. I'm glad to tell you that my parents have agreed to let me go to your country this summer. The first city I plan to visit is Beijing, where I will stay for a week, and then I will go to your city by train to see you and your parents. As we haven't met before, I'm afraid there will be some difficulty in meeting each other, and I'm also afraid that it will not be easy for me to find your house. So please tell me how to get in touch with you while I stay in Beijing and how to meet or find you when I arrive in your city.
1.I have a big brother. __________name is Paul.
A. His B. Her C. He D. Your
2.﹣Are Sandy and Kate___ good friends?
﹣Yes,they are.Please look after ___.
A.your; their B.your; them
C.yours; theirs D.you;them
3. ——Excuse me. Is this your ruler?
——No, it’s not ______. It’s Lucy’s.
A. hers B. his C. mine D. yours
4.“ Is this your schoolbag? ” “ No, it isn’t. It’s________.”
A. he B.she C. his D. her
5.--- Is that girl Ann?
--- No,_____ isn’t._____ name is Mary.
A. it; Her B. he; Her
C. she; His D. she; Her
6.Miss Li is ______ English teacher. She likes______ very much.
A. our, we B. our, us
C. us, our D. us, us
7.— Excuse me, is this Lucy’s book ?
— No, this is ____. ____is over there .
A.mine; Hers B.my; Her
C.my; Hers D.mine; Her
8.Miss Fang is ______ English teacher. isa good teacher.
A. our, Her B.my, He
C. a, She D. an, She
9.Don’t worry. Mybrother has got many vegetables. You can have some of______.
A. mine B. yours C.his D. Hers
10.This is my dictionary and that is .
A. she B. her C. hers D. they
11. is an English boy. name is Frank.
A. His ,His B. He ,He
C.He, His D.She ,Her
12.What’s her name? ------___ nameis Mary.
A. His B.Her C. My D. Your
13.This is my little sister. _______ name is Jenny, we all like(喜歡)______.
A. She; she B. Her; her
C. She; her D. Her; she
14. You can go to the library with ___ and __ sister.
A.his;his B.him;his
C. him;he D.he;his
15.-- Is this your book?
--No, it isn’t .It belongs to .
A. my, he B. mine, him C. me, his
16.Mrs. He teaches ______ Maths.We are all interested in ______ lessons.
A.our…she B. our…h(huán)er
C. us…she D.us…h(huán)er
17. —Excuse me, is he Jack?
—No, _______ nameis Mike.
A. her B. his C. my D. your
18.--Is this your brother? What’s________ name?
---Jim Green.
A. she B. her C. your D. his
19.—Is that ruler? —No, it’s not her ruler. It’s
A. her ;mine B.her ;my
C. your ;mine
20.This isn’t __ eraser. ___ is in the pencil box.
A. yours, Mine B. her, Her
C. his, His D. mine,Hers
21.This is Kate's box and._____is here.
A.my B.her C.your D.his
22.________is an English girl.________name is Kate.
A.She; She B.She; Her
C.Her; She D.Her; Her
參考答案
1.A
【解析】
試題分析: His形容詞性和名詞性物主代詞,他的;her形容詞性物主代詞,她的。人稱代詞賓格,她;its形容詞性和名詞性物主代詞它的;your形容詞性物主代詞,你的,你們的。聯(lián)系前文,我有一個哥哥??芍蟀刖渲傅氖俏业母绺绲拿帧9蔬xA。
考點(diǎn):考查代詞辨析
2.B
【解析】
試題分析:句意:—Sandy和Kate是你的好朋友嗎?—是的,她們是。請照顧她們。根據(jù)句意及題干分析第一空“你的”需要物主代詞,空后有 名詞,所以用形容詞性物主代詞your;第二空“她們”應(yīng)用人稱代詞,因作look after的賓語,所以用賓格形式,故選B。
考點(diǎn):考查代詞的用法
3.C
【解析】
試題分析:句意:—勞駕。這是你的尺子嗎?—不,它不是我的。它是露西的。hers她的;his他的;mine我的;yours你的。結(jié)合語境,所以選C。
考點(diǎn):考查名詞性物主代詞。
4.C
【解析】
試題分析:句意:“這是你的書包嗎?”“不,它不是。它是他的。”he他; she她;his他的或他的(東西); her她的。此處表示他的書包,故此處為名詞性物主代詞his。故選C。
考點(diǎn):考查代詞的用法。
5.D
【解析】
試題分析:句意:那個女孩是安娜?---不,她不是。她的名字是瑪麗。That girl用人稱代詞she指代。Name名詞,名詞前形容詞性的物主代詞修飾,she的物主代詞是her。故選D。
考點(diǎn):考查物主代詞和人稱代詞。
6.B
【解析】
試題分析:句意:李老師是我們的英語老師,她非常喜歡我們。our 我們的,形容詞性物主代詞;us我們,人稱代詞賓格;we我們,人稱代詞主格。第一個空表示我們的老師,用形容詞性物主代詞,修飾后面的名詞 Englishteacher;第二個空做動詞likes的賓語,故用賓格形式,選B。
考點(diǎn):考查代詞。
7.A
【解析】
試題解析:
代詞用法。名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。名詞性物主代詞可獨(dú)立作句子的主語、表語或賓語,而形容詞性物證代詞則不能,其后必須跟名詞。
8.D
【解析】
試題分析:句意:方小姐是一名英語教師。她是一位好老師。our我們的;my我的; a一個,修飾輔音音素開頭的單數(shù)名詞;an一個,修飾元音音素開頭的單數(shù)名詞; her她的;he他;she她;第一空English是元音音素開頭,因此用不定冠詞an來修飾。第二空作主語,代指Miss Fang,因此用代詞she。故選D。
考點(diǎn):考查代詞的用法。
9.C
【解析】句意:不要擔(dān)心,我的弟弟有許多蔬菜,你能吃他的一些。Mine我的;B. Yours你的;C. His他的;D. Hers他的。故選C。
10.C
【解析】
試題分析:句意:這是我的字典,那是她的字典。A.she她,是人稱代詞;B. her她的,形容詞性物主代詞;C.hers她的,是名詞性物主代詞;D. they他們,是人稱代詞。名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于名詞性物主代詞加名詞,由于橫線后沒有名詞,所以這里用hers表示her dictionary。故選C。
考點(diǎn):考查物主代詞。
11.C
【解析】
試題分析:句意:他是一個英國男孩。他名字是弗蘭克。His他的;He他;She她;Her她,她的。所以選C。
考點(diǎn):考查人稱代詞與物主代詞。
12.B
【解析】
試題分析:句意:-她叫什么名字?-她叫瑪麗。His他的;Her她的;My我的; Your你的。所以選B。
考點(diǎn):考查物主代詞。
13.B
【解析】
試題分析:句意:這是我的小妹妹。她的的名字是珍妮,我們都喜歡她。She人稱代詞主格,她;her人稱代詞賓格,她;形容詞性物主代詞,她的。形容詞性物主代詞不能單獨(dú)使用,后面必須跟名詞;及物動詞后的人稱代詞要用賓格形式。所以選B。
考點(diǎn):考查人稱代詞和物主代詞。
14.B
【解析】
試題分析:句意:你可以和他以及他妹妹一起去圖書館。his物主代詞,他的;him人稱代詞賓格,他;he人稱代詞主格,他。介詞后面的人稱代詞要用賓格形式;形容詞性物主代詞可以用來修飾名詞作定語,但名詞性物主代詞只能單獨(dú)使用,不能作定語。所以選B。
考點(diǎn):考查人稱代詞和物主代詞。
15.B
【解析】
試題分析:句意:—這是你的書嗎?—不,它不是我的。它屬于他的。根據(jù)句意及題干分析第一空“我的”應(yīng)用物主代詞,空后沒有名詞,所以應(yīng)用名詞性物主代詞mine;第二空to是介詞,所以應(yīng)用人稱代詞him,故選B。
考點(diǎn):考查代詞的用法
16.D
【解析】
試題分析:句意:何夫人教我們數(shù)學(xué)。我們都對她的課非常感興趣。此題考查固定短語teach sb+科目,sb作賓語,故用賓格形式。根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)選D。
考點(diǎn):考查代詞。
17.B
【解析】
試題分析:句意:--請問,他是杰克嗎?--不是,他的名字是馬克。因?yàn)樯暇鋯柕氖撬那闆r,所以答語還是敘述的他的情況,空格后是名詞,所以這里用形容詞性物主代詞,故選B。
考點(diǎn):考查代詞的用法。
18.D
【解析】
試題分析:句意:-這是你哥哥嗎? 他叫什么名字? -吉姆.格林。問他的名字,用物主代詞his。所以選D。
考點(diǎn):考查物主代詞。
19.A
【解析】句意:——那是她的尺子嗎?——不,它不是她的尺子。它是我的尺子。her她的,形容詞性物主代詞;mine我的(東西),名詞性物主 代詞;my我的,形容詞性物主代詞; your你的,形容詞性物主代詞;第一空修飾名詞ruler用形容詞性物主代詞。第二空作為系動詞is的表語,故用名詞性物主代詞mine。故選A。
20.C
【解析】
試題分析:句意:這不是他的橡皮,他的在鉛筆盒里。yours你的,名詞性物主代詞;her 她的,形容詞性物主代詞;his他的,形容詞性或名詞性物主代詞;mine我的,名詞性物主代詞;hers名詞性物主代詞,她的。根據(jù)句意可知,第一個空 應(yīng)該用形容詞性物主代詞修飾后面的名詞eraser;第二個空是名詞性物主代詞代指his eraser。故選C。
考點(diǎn):考查代詞。
21.D
【解析】
試題分析:句意:這是凱特的盒子,他的在這里。A.my我的,形容詞性物主代詞;B.her她的,形容詞性物主代詞; C.your你的,形容詞性物主代詞;D.his他的,既是形容詞性物主代詞又是名詞性物主代詞;這里缺少的是句子的主語所以用名詞性物主代詞。故選D。
考點(diǎn):考查代詞的用法。
22.B
【解析】
試題分析:句意:她是一個英國女孩。她的名字叫Kate。She她,主格形式;her她的,形容詞性物主代詞。第一空作為主語,故用主格she。第二空修飾名詞name,故用形容詞性物主代詞her。故選B。
A.根據(jù)漢語提示填寫單詞。
1.He won a gold medal(獎牌) at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
2.I don't think it's fair(公平的) for her to do all the work.
3.Many students come to the front of the classroom to talk about their countries with pride(自豪).
4.Li Ming didn't come to school today.I suppose(猜測) he was ill in bed.
5.Young people are quickly influenced(影響) by new ideas.
B.用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。每詞限用一次,每空限填一詞。
wise,especially,success,method,record
6.The players prepared so well that they realized their dream successfully.
7.Don't worry,Xiaodan!I can give you a good method to solve the problem.
8.The player kept the world record in the last Olympic Games.
9.It's a wise idea to give up smoking.
10.I don't like getting up early,especially in winter.
二、語法填空。
閱讀下面短文,按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求,在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。
Albert Einstein was one of the most successful scientists in the 20th century.Once a __11__ man asked Albert Einstein what the secret of __12__ (succeed) was.The great scientist told him that the first secret of success was hard __13__.
A few days __14__(late),the young man came to ask him the same question again.Einstein felt unhappy and got very __15__.
He didn't want to say anything,so he turned to write a few words on a __16__ of paper and handed it to the young man.The young man looked at the piece of paper.On it was __17__(write):
A=Y+X+Z
“Could you please tell me what this means?”__18__ the young man.
“It's the answer you need.”explained the old scientist.“A means success,Y stands for hard work,X stands for good __19__ of doing things,and Z means that you should stop __20__(talk) now and get down to work.”
11.young 12.success 13.work 14.later
15.annoyed/angry 16.piece 17.written 18.asked
19.methods/ways 20.talking
三、完形填空。
Early in the morning,at noon,or in the evening in big cities and in the countryside,all across the United States,you can see Americans running.Men and women,__21__ and old are running.People run __22__—along the beaches of California,__23__ Central Park in New York,down quiet streets in small towns or at the gym.Some people even run in __24__ living rooms.
Running didn't use to be so popular.In the 1960s,runners were __25__ athletes and healthy strong people.In those days,when people saw a runner,they used __26__,“Hey,what's the hurry for?”O(jiān)r they might say to __27__,“Is he crazy?”Women almost never __28__.If they did,they might hear a man shout,“If I __29__ you,can I keep you?” But today all these have __30__.Men and women of all __31__ enjoy running.
Doctors say many of the health problems in the United States __32__ these bad habits:eating too much,smoking cigarettes,and __33__ exercising enough.Doctors tell us,“Eat less,don't smoke,and exercise more.” Running is a good exercise __34__ it helps build strong hearts and lungs.It also helps most people __35__ weight.
( A )21.A.young B.small C.big D.little
( C )22.A.anywhere B.somewhere
C.everywhere D.nowhere
( B )23.A.by B.through
C.with D.on
( D )24.A.our B.your C.his D.their
( A )25.A.mostly B.hardly C.most D.never
( D )26.A.to asking B.to tell
C.to speak D.to ask
( B )27.A.them B.themselves
C.theirs D.they
( B )28.A.thought B.ran
C.said D.exercised
( A )29.A.catch B.take C.carry D.find
( A )30.A.changed B.stopped
C.worked D.done
( D )31.A.people B.cities C.villages D.ages
( A )32.A.come from B.look for
C.care for D.think of
( B )33.A.too B.not C.much D.little
( C )34.A.how B.where C.because D.until
( D )35.A.give B.increase
C.improve D.lose 四、閱讀理解。
Yesterday afternoon,it was very hot.Mr. Green,with his family,decided to go swimming.There was a new and large swimming pool near their house.It was free for the first week.So they wanted to have a try there.When they got to the swimming pool,they were told to read the notice first.
Swimming Pool Rules & Regulation
*The swimming pool is open from 8:00 till 22:00.
*Wear a swimming suit before using the pool.
*Take a shower before entering the pool.
*Don't smoke in the whole area.
*Watch your children all the time while swimming.
*Don't move the sun chairs or umbrella without permission(允許).
*Diving(跳水) into the pool is not allowed.
*Stay away from the deep area if your swimming skills are not so good.
*People who have drunk,caught colds or who have skin diseases(疾病) can't enter the pool.
After reading the notice,the Greens were all very clear about what they should do and how they could keep themselves safe in the swimming pool.They enjoyed themselves there all the afternoon.
41.The Greens were told to __B__ first when they got to the pool.
A.go swimming B.read the notice
C.fill in the form D.buy the tickets
42.According to the rules,Mr. Greens should __A__ before entering the pool.
A.take a shower B.move to the sun chairs
C.smoke a lot D.send the children back
43.The rules tell the Greens NOT to __D__ when they swim in the pool.
A.watch the children all the time
B.wear a swimming suit
C.carry umbrellas with them
D.dive into the pool
44.From the passage,we know that __D__.
A.the swimming pool is open from 7:00 to 20:00
B.people can stay in the deep area if they can't swim
C.people who have skin diseases can enter the pool
D.the Greens family spent the whole afternoon in the pool
五、任務(wù)型閱讀。(2012,寧波)
45.The first and greatest rule.Talking is not allowed,even including talking quietly during the music.
46.The musicians do not need your help,and your neighbours need silence.Learn to tap(輕敲) your fingers quietly on the chair—it's a good finger exercise.
47.Drinks and candies are not allowed.
48.Remember that you are representing your school,and you want to be on your best behavior.There are many eyes looking at you.
A.Do not embarrass your teacher nor your school.
B.No singing,tapping fingers or feet.
C.Please have nothing in your mouth,besides your teeth and tongue.
D.Do not talk.
45.__D__46.__B__47.__C__48.__A__
49.What's the best title for this material?__A__
A.The Rules of Concert Etiquette
B.The Rules of Hotel Etiquette
C.The Rules of Bank Etiquette
D.The Rules of Airport Etiquette
六、書面表達(dá)。(2014,東營)
假如你是某雜志社編輯Mr. Knowledgeable,根據(jù)中學(xué)生 Bob的來信內(nèi)容,給他寫封回信,幫助解決他所遇到的問題。字?jǐn)?shù)80—100,開頭已給出。
Dear Knowledgeable,
My problem is that I can't get on with my family.My parents always say “no” to my ideas without any reason.So I often quarrel(吵架) with them.Also,my brother is not very nice to me.He always refuses to let me watch my favourite TV show.Instead,he watches whatever he wants until late at night.I don't think this is fair.At home,I always feel lonely and nervous.Is that normal?What can I do?
Bob
Dear Bob,
It's normal to have these feelings.Why don't you talk about these feelings with your family?First,it's not right to quarrel with your parents.I don't think quarrelling can solve problems.You'd better have a talk with your parents.Tell them to have a discussion with you before saying “no” to your ideas.
1.下次你應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)兒來這兒。________________
2.你不要單獨(dú)去游泳。________________
3.讓我們開始討論這個難題吧。 ________________
4.這箱子太重,這小孩搬不動。________________
5.每天我父親去上班需要一個半小時。________________
6.瞧!樹下有一位老人正在觀看孩子們玩游戲。 ________________
7.我感到這個問題很難回答。 ________________
8.雖然他們個子不太高,人也不太強(qiáng)壯,但他們是一支很好的隊(duì)伍。________________